城市建设更美好
By IBI 的见解
日期
2016年5月4日
城市是 hives abuzz with the activities of billions of people every day. Many of these activities – from movement 和 work to socializing 和 leisure – are influenced by the way we build our cities. 然而,, whether enjoying a public space or walking 和 riding the subway to a meeting, 大多数人很少思考 about the many independent disciplines that shape 和 impact their urban experiences. 与此形成鲜明对比的是, the distinct boundaries between fields is one of the key things most city builders, 各行各业, 在创建项目时面对. 职业选手能向这里的人学习吗? 我想是的. 城市是 交织活动的丰富挂毯，形式，功能和相互影响的人. Perhaps it’s time to rethink why city-builders define the boundaries of their respective fields as sharply as a building meeting a sidewalk.
反映在崛起 大规模生产20岁th 《AG真人试玩网址》的主题是分区化和专业化. 用于城市建设领域, this helped establish deeper underst和ings of various disciplines, 但他们之间也存在根深蒂固的隔阂. The pursuit of specialization also estranged many city building professions 和 practitioners from the city-dwellers they served, while discouraging the logic of considering various elements of city-building together.
在20世纪, city-making disciplines were as segregated 和 well-defined as this modernist block in Stockholm, 瑞典
Focusing exclusively on one discipline is like reading one chapter in a book. You’ll get an idea of what’s going on, but you won’t appreciate the full narrative. 通过对跨学科合作的更大承诺, city-making disciplines can help create cities 和 processes that are more open, engaging 和 responsive to the needs 和 desires of the people who live 和 work in them.
Greater integration 和 interdisciplinary cooperation may sound good in theory, 但这在实践中是怎么发生的呢? 毕竟, 体系结构, 工程与规划, 在其他城市建设领域, 在他们的系统中根深蒂固, 流程和传统. To bring about the sea change discussed above, a multi-pronged strategy is necessary. 我提出了三种方法:城市建设教育的转变, 来自一个或多个有影响力的创新公司的承诺, 并且更加强调学科跨越问题.
斯德哥尔摩一个有趣的公共空间，结合了设计, 景观建筑与土木工程
比如学科本身, 在建筑方面接受了大量的教育, 工程和规划目前都是在孤岛中进行的. 虽然这两个项目可以保持独立, why not require all students to take basic courses in two distinct-but-related fields in order to graduate? This would expose them to perspectives that would vary from those in their own programs, enhance underst和ing of these related fields 和 perhaps lead to a newfound respect for them. 同样重要的是, 年轻人的思想通常更开放, which facilitates the introduction of new ways of doing things.
年轻开始有它的逻辑, 但是当这些年轻的城市创造者开始工作时会发生什么呢, 回到现状? Not if a h和ful of innovative 和 influential firms took the lead. Many larger firms already have multiple disciplines under one roof. This value could be harnessed through the cross-fertilization of ideas, similar to MIT’s 媒体实验室. The result would be new 和 innovative products 和 processes – ideally suited for the rapid proliferation of disruptive technology.
Under Jaime Lerner, Curitiba, Brazil created a series of parks that double as flood plains. This approach integrated urban planning, l和scape 体系结构 和 water management
最后, 当我们从传统的角度看待挑战时, 我们通常会找到传统的解决方案. 通过改变方法, 并引入一个跨竖井的视角, 可能会出现一系列解决方案. 重新出现的 健康是城市建设的一个问题 有机会采用这种看待问题的方式吗. Urban health issues have relevance for all city making fields, 然而，没有任何一个领域对它们有管辖权. These issues are also highly tangible, easy for nearly all city dwellers to grasp. Both of these factors encourage interdisciplinary cooperation, 和, 如果持续应用, 这种方法可以成为自我更新的循环.
One of the great strengths of cities is their capacity for exponential growth. 它们比各部分的总和更大. 每个城市建设学科的技能和理念也是如此. By encouraging interdisciplinary cooperation among these disciplines, 在教育, 私营部门和实践, 我们有机会改进我们建设城市的方式, 和许多选择把他们称为家的人一起.
